תעשיית התעופה והחלל

Aerospace industry‌ is a large and complex industry that covers two major fields: aviation and space. Aviation refers to the navigation activities of aircraft in the earth’s atmosphere, while ‌ aerospace ‌refers to the space navigation activities of aircraft outside the earth’s atmosphere‌.

The aerospace industry belongs to the special equipment manufacturing industry in the manufacturing industry, mainly including aircraft manufacturing, spacecraft manufacturing, rockets and their engines manufacturing.

So what can sheet metal manufacturing, stamping, and turning/milling technologies offer to the aerospace industry?

Sheet metal manufacturing technology is the basis of aerospace product manufacturing, and is widely used in the manufacture of various key components. Sheet metal manufacturing technology can produce high-strength, lightweight components to meet the material performance requirements of aerospace products.

Stamping technology can produce parts with different shapes, ensure the dimensional accuracy and repeatability of products, and meet the needs of high-precision parts in the aerospace field.‌

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Aerospace parts are extremely demanding in terms of dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy. Turning/turning machining technology through high-precision machine tools and advanced CNC systems, can ensure machining accuracy up to the micron level, meet the high standards of aerospace parts. ‌

The specific applications of sheet metal manufacturing, stamping process, turning/milling processing technology in the aerospace industry are as follows:

1. Sheet Metal: Aircraft shell, wing structure, cabin interior, etc.

Sheet metal manufacturing technology is used to manufacture various components of aircraft and launch vehicles, such as fuselages, wings, and hatch doors.

The aircraft shell is widely used in aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy and steel materials, which are precision, high strength, good toughness, welding and corrosion resistance and not easy to rust. The production process of aircraft shell mainly includes punching, bending, hammering, riveting, welding and other steps.

The basic structure of the wing consists of the following main components:

Wing spar: Skeleton structure supporting an airfoil that withstands the principal bending and torsional forces, usually of superhard aluminum, steel, or titanium alloy.

‌Wing rib: Provides lateral support for the wing and maintains the shape of the wing. It is generally made of 7075 alloy.

‌Stringer: Increases the local strength and stiffness of the wing.

‌Skin: The material covering the surface of the wing is made of duralumin with good compressive properties and duralumin with good tensile and fatigue properties.

Cabin interior‌ refers to the space decoration and facilities inside an aircraft, mainly including cockpit interior and passenger cabin interior. Stainless steel and aluminum alloy are often used for decorative parts and structural parts in the cabin. The cockpit interior includes the instrument panel, control devices, etc., while the cabin interior covers the ceiling, side panels, luggage, subdivision panels, seat brackets, armrests, door handles, trim strips, etc.

Wing parts picture:

2. Stamping: Precision parts of aviation components, fuselage parts of spacecraft.

Precision parts of aviation components mainly include the following categories:

‌landing gear parts: Including landing gear support, landing gear wheel hub, landing gear tire, landing gear shock absorber, etc. These components ensure the safety and stability of the aircraft during takeoff and landing.

Electronic equipment parts: Including avionics equipment shell, radiator, bracket, etc. These components are used to protect and support avionics, ensuring their proper operation in extreme environments.

Aerospace fasteners: Bolts and nuts, washers, rivets, screws are important components for connecting and fastening various parts.

The fuselage of the spacecraft mainly includes the shell (in various shapes, such as ball, multi-faceted column, cone, etc.)‌, ‌hatch, ‌console (including instrument, computer, display screen, button and other control equipment)‌, seat and sleep capsule, ‌environmental control system (including oxygen tank, pipe, filter and other equipment)‌.

Aerospace fasteners Picture:

3. Turning/milling: Engine parts, aircraft parts, spacecraft precision components, etc.

The main components of aircraft engines are:

Compressor blade: commonly used materials include nickel base alloy, titanium alloy, composite materials, compressor blades are divided into rotor blades and stator blades.

Turbine blade: Usually made of high-temperature alloy materials, turbine blades are mainly composed of four parts: Blade crown, blade body, edge plate, and blade root.

Fan blades: Usually made of titanium alloy and composite materials. Titanium alloys are widely used because of their high strength and corrosion resistance.

The main parts of the aircraft include the fuselage, wings, engines, and tail. The aircraft also includes many other important components, such as landing gear, control systems, instrumentation, etc. Materials commonly used are aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, steel, and stainless steel. Titanium alloys are commonly used in aircraft engines and high-temperature components, and steel and stainless steel are commonly used in mechanical transmission parts and landing gear brackets.‌

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Spacecraft precision components mainly include the following components:

Inertial device: Consists of an internal oscillator and a drive circuit.

‌Optical device: Including infrared imager, optical detector, laser, spectrometer, and so on.

Sensor: Mainly including temperature sensor, pressure sensor, flow sensor, gravity sensor‌.

Hydraulic and pneumatic components: Used to control the operation of spacecraft and attitude adjustment, including thrusters, hydraulic systems, pneumatic valves, hydraulic pumps, etc. 

Turbine blade picture: